| Ideally | Current | Chi-square |
---|---|---|---|
Medication management and patients’ health care |  |  |  |
 1. History taking and reconciliation | 262 (93.6) | 151 (53.9) | F = 114.649, p < 0.001 |
 2. Follow guidelines and Protocols to ensure that patient receive optimal drug therapy and provide an effective and safe medicine | 271 (96.8) | 182 (65) | F = 90.628, p < 0.001 |
 3. Monitor and adjust patient therapy | 272 (97.1) | 166 (59.3) | F = 116.897, p < 0.001 |
 4. Detect and resolve drug-related problems (side effects, drug–drug interactions) | 276 (98.6) | 195 (69.6) | F = 86.944, p < 0.001 |
 5. Have prescribing responsibility and provide repeat medication independently | 204 (72.9) | 82 (29.3) | F = 108.433, p < 0.001 |
 6. Update clinical record | 237 (84.6) | 96 (34.3) | F = 152.591, p < 0.001 |
Patient examination and screening | Â | Â | Â |
 1. Conduct basic physical assessments | 165 (58.9) | 82 (29.3) | F = 49.995, p < 0.001 |
 2. Play an important role in reducing antibiotic resistance by changing antibiotics or dosing based on laboratory values | 268 (95.7) | 167 (59.6) | F = 104.705, p < 0.001 |
 3. Order and review laboratory tests | 230 (82.1) | 132 (47.1) | F = 75.177, p < 0.001 |
 4. Conduct drug allergy assessment | 243 (86.8) | 149 (53.2) | F = 77.894, p < 0.001 |
 5. Review immunizations and provide vaccines where required | 229 (81.8) | 89 (31.8) | F = 147.925, p < 0.001 |
Drug information and education | Â | Â | Â |
 1. Answer medication-related questions from patients and health care professionals | 272 (97.1) | 234 (83.6) | F = 29.778, p < 0.001 |
 2. Counseling and education on medication management (doses, frequency, onset of action, side effects, drug interactions, store condition) and provide evidence-based drug information’s and recommendations | 276 (98.6) | 239 (85.4) | F = 32.180, p < 0.001 |
 3. Provide non-pharmacological treatment (diet, exercise, smoking) | 272 (97.1) | 204 (72.9) | F = 65.374, p < 0.001 |
 4. Carry out compounding procedures to produce an effective and safe medicine (preparation of IV antibiotics, total parenteral nutrition) | 228 (81.4) | 92 (32.9) | F = 143.362, p < 0.001 |
 5. Act as preceptor for students | 247 (88.2) | 190 (67.9) | F = 39.029, p < 0.001 |
 6. Education of general physicians and other practice staff and mentor new prescribers | 232 (82.9) | 132 (47.1) | F = 83.410, p < 0.001 |
 7. Design prevention, intervention, and educational strategies for individuals and communities to manage chronic disease and improve health and wellness | 241 (86.1) | 113 (40.4) | F = 138.372, p < 0.001 |
 8. Educate individuals and communities to manage chronic diseases and improve health and wellness | 265 (94.6) | 201 (71.8) | F = 51.899, p < 0.001 |
Collaboration and liaison | Â | Â | Â |
 1. Regular participation on patient care rounds | 260 (92.9) | 98 (35) | F = 209.553, p < 0.001 |
 2. Refer to general physician and other health professional | 262 (93.6) | 208 (74.3) | F = 40.093, p < 0.001 |
 3. Participate in multidisciplinary reviews of patients | 240 (85.7) | 133 (47.5) | F = 113.091, p < 0.001 |
 4. Liaison role between hospital and community pharmacists across health sector | 218 (77.9) | 98 (35) | F = 122.517, p < 0.001 |
 5. Collaboration with other health care professionals (GPs, dietician, nurse practitioners) | 270 (96.4) | 174 (62.1) | F = 102.257, p < 0.001 |
 6. Attend and present at meetings with other healthcare staff and communicate effectively with patients, caregivers, pharmacy personnel, other health care professionals, community members, policy makers and administrators | 270 (96.4) | 143 (51.1) | F = 150.614, p < 0.001 |
 7. Interpret results derived experimentally or by simulation - Summarize and present experimentally or simulated derived data - Write a scientifically sound report of an experiment - Utilize IT in data management and presentation | 230 (82.1) | 120 (42.9) | F = 106.608, p < 0.001 |
 8. Establish collaborative practice agreements with physician | 252 (90) | 112 (40) | F = 155.343, p < 0.001 |
Quality Assurance | Â | Â | Â |
 1. Play an important role in improving patient health outcome | 271 (96.8) | 221 (78.9) | F = 44.932, p < 0.001 |
 2. Physician workload could be minimized | 240 (85.7) | 119 (42.5) | F = 114.161, p < 0.001 |
 3. Help to reduce drug costs | 260 (92.9) | 169 (60.4) | F = 82.483, p < 0.001 |
 4. Participate in and coordinate research activities | 262 (93.6) | 157 (56.1) | F = 110.883, p < 0.001 |
 5. Developing clinical guidelines and prescribing templates | 240 (85.7) | 88 (31.4) | F = 180.077, p < 0.001 |