Table 1 Definitions and measurements of dependent and explanatory variables
From: Contribution of health workforce to health outcomes: empirical evidence from Vietnam
Variables | Unit | Label | Measurements |
|---|---|---|---|
Dependent | |||
Life expectancy at birth | Year | LE | The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross-section of population at the time of their birth |
Infant mortality rate | Percentage | IMR | Number of deaths under 1 year of age per 1 000 live births |
Under-five mortality rate | Percentage | U5MR | Number of deaths under age 5 per 1 000 live births |
Explanatory | |||
Density of doctors | Number | DOC | Number of working doctors per 10 000 population |
Density of nurses | Number | NUR | Number of working nurses per 10 000 population |
Density of midwifes | Number | MID | Number of working midwives per 10 000 population |
Density of pharmacists | Number | PHA | Number of working pharmacists (including high, middle and elementary degree) per 10 000 population |
Income per capita | Million VND | IPC | Total income of households in reference year divided by their headcounts |
Regional population density | Person/km2 | RPD | Average number of people per square kilometer |
Poverty rate | Percentage | PR | The proportion of population living below the poverty line (calculated using World Bank methodology for developing countries) |
Adult illiteracy rate | Percentage | IR | The proportion of illiterate persons aged over 15, as a percentage of over total population aged over 15 |